PCE - Electrical Engineering Syllabus

1. Regulatory Practice

(i) Street. Drainage and Building Act (Act No. 133)
 
(ii) Uniform Building By‐Law
   (a) Understanding of the topics covered under the "Common Paper"
    (b) Lighting requirement
    (c) Ventilation of staircases
    (d) Requirements of MS 1525
    (e) Lightning Protection requirement to MS IEC62305
    (f) Lifts requirement
    (g) Part VII ‐ Fire Fighting Requirement pertaining to purpose/hazard class for building, fire barriers, etc.
   (h) Part VIII ‐ Fire Protection System, Fire Alarm, Fire Detections, Emergency power, Power Isolation, etc.

(iii) The Electricity Supply Act 1990 (Act 447) and Sarawak Electricity Ordinance (Chapter 50)
     (a) Ministry and Government agency responsibilities
    (b) Introduction to the Acts, Ordinance, Rules and Regulations, its function; Electrical safety, Regulator for electricity production, distribution and retail (licensing for IPPs, approval of tariffs, license premises, notification of accidents etc. electrical efficiency)
(c) Competent persons registered under the Act in the submission procedure
(d) Safety and 'control item' list under the Regulations.
(e) Other Regulations under the Act:

• Efficient Management of Electrical Energy Regulations (2008): English , Bahasa Melayu
• Electricity Regulations 1994 (Peninsular Malaysia & Sabah);
• Electricity Rules 1999 (Sarawak).
• Codes (Grid, Distribution, etc.)

(iv) The Energy Commission Act 2001 (Act 610)

(a) Ministry and Government agency responsible.

(b) Part III, Functions and Power of the Commission

(v) Factories and Machinery Act 1967

(a) Electric Passenger and Goods lift Regulations

• DOSH - Regulations Under Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (Act 139)

(vi) Fire Services Act 1988 (Act 341)

(a) Ministry and Government agency responsible 

(b) Function and Power of the DG of fire services

(c) General Overview of the Act

(d) Regulations under the Act

• Fire Certification Regulations 2001.

(vii) The Communications and Multimedia ACT 1998 (Act 588)

(a) Ministry and Government agency responsible

(b) Function and Power of the Chairman of Multimedia Commission

(c) General Overview of ACT pertaining to telecommunications

(d) “Technical Standards, Infrastructure Requirements” (TSIR, issued by MCMC).

(viii) Electrical requirements under Water Services Industry Act 2006 (Act 655)

Akta_447_-_Akta_Bekalan_Elektrik_1990

Akta 610 - Akta Suruhanjaya Tenaga 2001

Akta 588 Multimedia

acts139 akta mesin

Industri Pembekalan Elektrik - Maklumat Prestasi dan Statistik 2012


2.0 The Electricity Supply System

(i) Generation, transmission and distribution system
(a) Electrical transmission and distribution systems in Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah
and Sarawak

• General description of the public distribution system in Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak (500kV, 275kV, 132kV, 33kV, 11kV, 400/230V), generation levels
• Generation systems including Smart Grid, PV, etc.
• Design and application of power supply to private installation; EHV intake, 33kV intake, PPU for township, 33kV and 11kV switch rooms for private installation, single‐chamber & double chamber substation. Load estimation and substation design; selection of tariff. TNB Supply Handbook, Contribution Charges Handbook and Sarawak Electricity Rules
• Power factor correction (tariff requirement and method of PF correction)
• Standby Power supply system; generator set, battery pack, changeover system 
• MV and HV intake design configurations (1‐feeder, 2‐feeder, H‐formation, double‐bus, single bus system)
• Fault level and Basic Insulation level design considerations
• Safe operation working procedures for the distribution system

tatacara pelesenan pembekalan elektrik 2014 - Suruhanjaya Tenaga (ST)

guidelines for electrical wiring in residential buildings  - by Energy Commision

(ii) HV System

     (a) Transmission System

•  Basic understanding and role of the transmission system in the electricity supply industry as listed below.
•  Transmission voltages in Malaysia
• Equipment (and their key characteristics thereof) used in transmission networks e.g. overhead lines, underground cables, circuit breakers, disconnectors, transformers, protection relays, dc systems etc. 
• The terms commonly used to rate equipment e.g. rated current, short circuit breaking capacity or in the case of transformers, the impedance voltage, etc.
• Common configurations of high voltage switchyards and their effects on operation and maintenance, understanding of the types of clearances as applied to transmission technology
• Earthing as applied to high voltage substations and basic knowledge of key concepts in IEEE Standard 80 ‐ Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding

   (b) Generation System

•  Basic understanding and identification of main elements used in the generation of electricity in Malaysia as listed below,
• Knowledge of the process of power generation in hydro, coal fired and gas turbine combine cycle power plants, etc.
• Knowledge of the design and operating characteristics of the synchronous generator, and key words used to describe the rating of the generator e.g. MVA, short circuit ratio, types of impedances, etc.
• Commonly used excitation systems; able to explain the function from block diagrams, etc.
• Knowledge of common electrical configurations of a power plant, the role of the generator, generator transformer, unit and station service transformer, circuit breakers, DC and UPS systems 
• Safety and equipment isolation procedures for maintenance

(iii) MV System and Equipment

     (a) MS/IEC 60076; Transformer types (cast resin, ONAN, etc.)

     (b) MV switch gears; load break switch, isolator, circuit breakers, arc breaking/suppression
            technology in switching (vacuum, arc chute, magnetic suppression, SF6, etc.)

     (c) MV System and Substation Design

     (d) MV cabling systems

     (e) Earthing system for MV substations

TNB - BUKU PANDUAN PIAWAI REKABENTUK PENCAWANG ELEKTRIK

ELECTRICITY SUPPLY APPLICATION HANDBOOK (ESAHv3)

(iv) L.V. Distribution System

     (a) MSIEC 60364 – Electrical Installation in Building (Part 1 to Part 7).

     (b) MS 1979 "Electrical Installation of Buildings – Code of Practice"

     (c) MS 1936 :Electrical Installation of Building – Guide to MS IEC 60364"

JKR Specification for LOW VOLTAGE Internal Electrical Installation

The above cover the topics such as types of earthing (TNC, TNS, TI), SPD, selection of protection devices, wiring installation, voltage drop calculation, cable selection, verification, etc.

(v) Power Quality (PQ) and Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

(a) PQ

• MS1760 and IEC 61000‐2‐8; Definition of PQ phenomenon (surge, dip, transient).
• MS‐IEC 61000‐4 Mitigating Measures for PQ & immunity levels

(b) EMC

• Understanding of EMC phenomena, its definition, classification which is generally based on IEC 61000 family of standards and UK Engineering Council recommendations ERP28 5/4 and 29. Common EMC phenomena include voltage unbalance, step changes in voltage, fluctuations, flicker and harmonic distortion. 
• Understanding of the EM Environment, emission and immunity limits, the testing and measurement techniques as applied for EMC 
• Understanding of mitigating concepts e.g. by the use of mitigating disturbances, classification, protection zones, earthing and suitable design of cabling systems.

3. System Protection

(i) Basics Concepts

     (a) Classification of protection (zone, unit protection, pilot wire)

(ii) Short Circuit & System Discrimination

     (a) Understanding of short circuit, short circuit calculation, per unit calculation.

     (b) Discrimination and system protection, protection setting, protection discrimination curve

(iii) Types of Protection Relay

     (a) Overcurrent and Earth Fault

     (b) Motor Protection

     (c) Transformer Differential Protection

     (d) Transformer Restricted Earth Fault

     (e) Cable Feeder Protection

     (f) Overhead Line Protection (Auto‐reclosure, Distance, Line Differential)

     (g) Generator Protection

(iv) Instrumentations

     (a) Types and class of metering C.T.s and P.T.s; Protection Class (Class X, Class XPXX, knee point voltage), Metering Class

(v) Unit Protection Requirements

     (a) Transformer protection

     (b) Generator Protection

Overcurrent Protection

MS IEC 62305-1 2007 PROTECTION AGAINST LIGHTNING-PART 1 GENERAL PRINCIPLES (FIRST REVISION) (IEC 62305-12006, IDT)

MS IEC 62305-32007 PROTECTION AGAINST LIGHTNING-PART 3 PHYSICAL DAMAGE TO STRUCTURES AND LIFE HAZARD(FIRST REVISION)-874498


4. Building Systems
(i) Lighting Systems
    (a) Knowledge of various lighting concepts:‐

• Luminous intensity (candela)
• Luminance (candela/sq. m)
• Illuminance (Lux)
• Colour rendering index (CRI)

    (b) The different types of light sources, colour effects and selections for energy efficiency
    (c) Local authorities requirements
    (d) Daylighting concept for energy efficiency (MS 1525)

• Switching and control strategies for energy savings

    (e) MS ISO 8995: Lighting of Indoor Work Places

(ii) Lightning Protection
     (a) MS IEC 62305‐Protection of building structures against lightning strikes.
     Lightning protection standard - BS_EN_IEC_62305


(iii) Fire Protection For Electrical Engineers
     (a) MS 1745 Fire Alarm and Detection System
     (b) BS5839 Part 8 and 9 (Emergency call system)
     (c) Emergency standby generating system
     (d) Emergency lighting and exit signs
     (e) Fire lifts

(iv) Extra Low Voltage Systems
     (a) Telecommunication System

• Fixed network infrastructure and space planning
•  In‐building structured and fibre cabling
• Public address

    (b) SMATV Systems

• System design
• CCTV Surveillance System
• Camera and video fundamental
• Equipment selection
• Analogue versus digital

   (c) Security System

•  Security components
• Perimeter and interior protection
• Access control

   (d) Building Automation System

• Control – type of inputs and outputs
• System infrastructure
• Integration with other systems such as Energy Management System, etc.

(v) Vertical and Horizontal transportations
    (a) Drives, Control and Safety issues
    (b) Harmonics mitigation

(vi) Hazardous Environment
    (a) Hazardous area classifications (IEC 60079‐10‐1)
    (b) Risks mitigation
    (c) Equipment and cable selection

(vii) Energy Efficiency
    (a) MS1525: Code Of Practice On Energy Efficiency And Use Of Renewable Energy For Non Residential Buildings



5. Infrastructure
(i) Exterior Lighting
    (a) Roads, junctions, roundabout, interchanges and housing.
    (b) MS 825 Part 1; Code of Practice for the Design of Road Lighting – Part 1: Lighting of Roads and Public Amenity Areas

• Roads, junctions, roundabout, interchanges and housing.
• Boulevards
• Open car park

   (c) MS 825: Part 2: 2008 – Code of Practice for the Design of Road Lighting – Part

2: Lighting of Tunnels

•  Tunnels, underpass and vehicular box culvert (VBC)

     (d) MS 825: Part 4, Part 5 and Part 6
     (e) Department of Civil Aviation (DCA)

• Obstruction (Obstacle) lights

    (f) Wharfs, ports, jetties
    (g) Façade
    (h) Landscape lighting

(ii) Telecommunication Infrastructure
    (a) Manholes and ducting
    (b) Termination and interfacing points
    (c) Avoidance of microwave communication paths

(iii) Traffic Control System
    (a) Traffic Signal System
    (b) CCTV monitoring

6. Common Requirements
(i) Work Acceptance
    (a) Understanding Technical Standards, types of standards (basic standards, components standards, assembly standards)
   (b) Understanding certifications, basic safety certification, conformance certification, type test certification
   (c) Types of work certification; first party, second party and third party certification
   (d) The work acceptance procedures in the construction process.
   (e) Commissioning (type of tests and commissioning procedure)

(ii) Ingress Protection (IP) Classifications for Enclosures

(iii) Switchboard forms of segregation – IEC 60439.1

MTSFB-002-2009-TECHNICAL-STANDARD-OF-IN-BUILDING-FIBRE-CABLING-FOR-FIBRE-TO-THE-PREMISE

Fiber to the home (FTTH)-Handbook_2014-V6.0

Guide to Engineering practice for M&E

GRID CODE FOR PENINSULAR MALAYSIA - Suruhanjaya Tenaga

Basic concepts for explosion protection

Power Factor Correction

Electrical Fault calculation using MVA Method